ER/IR Present Tense Spanish Verb Conjugation
As you become fluent in Spanish, it's important to learn the Present Tense endings for “er/ir” verbs. Learn the conjugation then review with our free Spanish flash cards and games.
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We'll start with the basics:
| The ending for Yo is | o | …nosotros | emos | for (er verbs) | |
| And for “ir” verbs it is | imos | ||||
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… tú is remember, you use “tú” if you’re on a first-name basis with someone. And for the verb ending, you add the friendly “s” |
es |
…vosotros (used only in Spain) Remember that “vosotros” is the plural form of “tú” |
éis | ||
| …Él, ella, & Ud. is | e | …ellos, ellas and Uds. is | en | ||
| ...Ella is | e | ||||
|
......usted Remember, if you use a title with someone like Doctor Mister, or Mrs. you would Usted instead of “tú” when talking to them |
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Let’s see how this works with “er” verbs. We’ll use the verb “comer” which means “to eat”
| I eat would be – Yo como | we eat would be - nosotros comemos | ||||
| (Juana) you eat would be – tú comes Remember since you’re on a first-name basis with Juana, you add the friendly “s” |
you (plural) or ya’ll eat would be = vosotros coméis (remember, this form is only used in Spain) |
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| he eats would be – |
él come ella come Ud. come |
(when talking about group of males) the phrase “they eat” would be - |
ellos comen ellas comen Uds comen |
||
| she eats would be – | (when talking about a group of females) they eat would be | ||||
| Dr. Garcia, you eat would be – | And, the phrase “you (plural) or all of you eat” would be | ||||
Now we’ll take a look at how this works for “ir” verbs using the verb “vivir”. Remember, the only difference between the conjugation of “er” and “ir” verbs is the “nosotros” form which is either “emos” for “er” verbs, or “imos” for “ir” verbs. Since many native speakers leave off the pronouns when they speak, we’ll do the same. Remember, pronouns are “Yo, tú, él, ella” and so forth.
| I live would be –vivo | we live would be - vivimos | ||||
| (Juana) you live would be - vives Remember since you’re on a first-name basis with Juana, you add the friendly “s” |
you (plural) or all of you live would be = vivéis (again, just a reminder that this is only used in Spain) |
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| he lives would be – | vive | (when talking about a mixed group of males and females) they live - | viven | ||
| she lives would be – | (when talking about a group of females) they live – | ||||
| Mrs. Vasquez, you live would be – | Now, the last one, you (plural) or all of you live = | ||||
ER/IR Verb Spanish Practice
Now we’ll practice the “ER/IR” conjugations you’ve learned person by person. First we’ll practice the “I” or “yo” conjugation which ends in an “o”. Like the previous lesson, since native speakers often leave off the Pronoun (in other words the el, ella, Ud, and so forth), we’ll practice it that way. Remember, the pronouns are used if you need to clarify whom you are talking about or if you really want to emphasize the person – for example – you need to go. Or I did it.
| I read | *(yo) leo |
| I sell | vendo |
| I learn | aprendo |
| I attend… | asisto |
| I live | vivo |
| I open | abro |
Now we’ll work on “tú” which is the “informal” way of saying “you”. Remember, the “tú” adds an “e” then the “friendly s”.
| Juan, you drink. Since there are two ways to say “to drink” we’ll use the on that starts with a ‘b’ | bebes |
| María, you eat | comes |
| Juan, you | comprendes |
| María, you buy | recibes |
| Juan, you dance | subes |
| María, you listen | escribes |
Now let’s move to “he”. Remember that “he, she, and you formal” all end in an “e” for “er” and “ir” verbs.
| he believes | cree |
| he ought to | debe |
| he sees | ve |
| he decides | decide |
| he attends | asiste |
| he lives | vive |
Next we’ll practice with “she”. She is conjugated just like “he” with an “e” on the end.
| She runs | corre |
| She promises | promete |
| She reads | lee |
| She opens | abre |
| She receives | recibe |
| She goes up | sube |
Continuing, we’ll practice “You” formal which is “usted”. Remember you use “usted” if you would use a title when speaking with someone. For example, “Dr. Garcia” or “Mrs. Fernandez”. Let’s try a few.
| (Mrs. Garcia) You sell | vende |
| (Dr. Méndez) You learn | aprende |
| (Mr. Vásquez) You drink (starts with a ‘b’) | bebe |
| (Dr. Rodríguez) You write | escribe |
| (Mrs. Córdova) You decide | decide |
| (Mr. Hidalgo) You attend | asiste |
Now, we’ll move on to “we”. Remember, the “we” conjugation ends with “emos” for “er” verbs, and “imos” for “ir” verbs.
| We eat | comemos |
| We understand (starts with ‘c’) | comprendemos |
| We believe | creemos |
| We live | vivimos |
| We open | abrimos |
| We receive | recibimos |
Next, we’ll practice “they” if we’re talking about a group of males or mixed males and females. Remember, the “er” and “ir” verb ending for “ellos” is “en”.
| They (males and females) ought to | deben |
| They (males and females) see | ven |
| They (males and females) run | corren |
| They (males and females) go up | suben |
| They (males and females) write | escriben |
| They (males and females) decide | deciden |
Continuing, we’ll practice “they” if we’re talking about a group of females only. Remember, the “ar” verb ending for “ellas” is “en”.
| They (females) promise | (ellas) prometen |
| They (females) read | (ellas) leen |
| They (females) sell | …venden |
| They (females) attend | .asisten |
| They (females) live | viven |
| They (females) open | abren |
Finally, we’ll practice the conjugation for “All of You” or “ustedes”. Remember, that the “er” and “ir” verb ending is also “en”.
| All of you learn | (Uds.) aprenden |
| All of you drink (starts with ‘b’) | beben |
| All of you eat | comen |
| All of you receive | reciben |
| All of you go up | suben |
| All of you write | escriben |
ER IR Summary
Let’s go over the “er / ir” endings one last time to help you remember them.
| Yo | o | nosotros | emos | ||
| tú | es | vosotros (used only in Spain) éis | áis | ||
| Él | e | ellos | en | ||
| Ella | ellas | ||||
| usted | ustedes (uds.) | ||||
Now repeat after me: o, es, e, emos, en Let’s do it one more time, be sure to repeat aloud: o, es, e emos, en. Notice that we didn’t go over the “vosotros form” used in Spain. Remember, we wanted to show you how “vosotros” works for those of you who go to Spain, but we don’t actively practice it.
Now that you’ve learned the “Present Tense” conjugations for “er/ir” verbs, you can either review what we’ve gone over, or continue on to the next lesson.
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