Preterite ER IR Verbs Spanish Verb Conjugation
Now let’s learn how to conjugate “er/ir” spine or preterite Spanish verbs. The endings are exactly the same for both “er” as well as “ir” verbs.
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We’ll use the verb “comer” as an example”.
| I ate would be | (Yo) comí | We ate would be | (Nosotros) comimos As you can see, for Nosotros, the ending for “er” and “ir” verbs is the same – “imos”. However, it’s important to note that the “er” verb ending changes from present to past, for example, “we eat” would be “nosotros comemos” and “we ate” in the past would be “nosotros comimos”. On the other hand, the “ir” verb endings are the same in the present and the past. The only way to tell the difference is by the context. For example, “salimos ayer” would be “we left yesterday”. And “Siempre salimos temprano” would be “We always leave early”. |
| Juan or María, You ate would be | (Tú) comiste | (tú plural – used only in Spain) would be | (Vosotros) comisteis |
| He ate would be She ate would be You ate would be |
(El) comió (Ella) comió (Ud.) comió |
They ate would be They (women) ate would be All of you ate would be |
(Ellos) comieron (Ellas) comieron (Uds.) comieron |
Now take a look at the endings one more time.
| í | imos |
| iste | isteis |
| ió | ieron |
Even though the endings for “ir” verbs are the same as “er” verbs, we’ll still take a look at an “ir” verb to give you an example: We’ll use the verb “vivir”.
| Yo viví | Nosotros vivimos |
| Tú viviste | Vosotros vivisteis |
| El, Ella, or Ud. vivió | Ellos, ellas, or Uds. vivieron |
Now we’ll practice the “er” “ir” endings with a few different verbs. Are you ready?
| I promised | (Yo) prometí |
| You sold – using “tú” | (Tú) vendiste |
| He ran | (Él) corrió |
| She decided | (Ella) decidió |
| You lived – using “usted” | (Ud.) vivió |
| We opened | (Nosotros) abrimos |
| They learned | (Ellos) aprendieron |
| All of you wrote | (Uds.) escribieron |
Now that you’ve learned the “er/ir” verb endings, you need to know that there is a lone “ar” verb that didn’t like his friends in the “ar” group and has chosen to use the “er/ir” endings for past tense. It is the verb “dar” which means “to give”. Take a look at the spine, or preterite, endings for “dar”.
2Before we start practicing, let’s learn a few new Spanish expressions. Are you ready?
| For three days | Por tres días |
| For five years | Por cinco años |
| For ten months | Por diez meses |
| For fifteen minutes | Por quince minutos |
| For eight hours | Por ocho horas |
| Three days ago | Hace tres días |
| Four weeks ago | Hace cuatro meses |
| Ten months ago | Hace diez meses |
| Five years ago | Hace cinco años |
| Fifteen minutes ago | Hace quince minutos |
| Eight hours ago | Hace ocho horas |
Spine Spanish Practice Session #2/3
Now, let’s go ahead and practice the “er/ir” spine verb endings. Here we go.
| I drank it (starts with ‘b’) | Lo bebí |
| (Marta) Did you eat it? | ¿Lo comiste? |
| He learned it | Lo aprendió |
| She promised | Prometió |
| (Sra. Benites) You didn’t see it (el edificio) | No lo vio |
| We sold it 3 days ago | Lo vendimos hace tres días |
| They surprised us six days ago | Nos sorprendieron hace seis días |
| All of you attended for four months | Asistieron por cuatro meses |
| I didn’t understand (starts with ‘c’) | No comprendí |
| She gave it to Juan | Lo dio a Juan |
| (Martín) You decided three years ago | Decidiste hace tres años |
| He lived there for two years | Vivió por dos años |
| She opened it (la puerta) five minutes ago | La abrió hace cinco minutos |
| (Sr. Mendes) You received it three weeks ago | Lo recibió hace tres semanas |
| We wrote it (la carta) two days ago | La escribimos hace dos días |
| I gave it to María | Lo di a María |
| They lost it (la llave) two months ago | La perdieron hace dos meses |
| I didn’t understand it (starts with ‘e’) | No lo entendí |
| It rained for three weeks | Llovió por tres semanas |
| (Marta) You chose them two years ago | Los escogiste hace dos años |
| He left one month ago | Salió hace un mes |
Remember to go over this lesson a few times to help tune your ear to hearing the Spanish endings. When you feel comfortable with it, go ahead and check it off.
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